Eating disorders are increasing in middle-aged women (40–70 years old), with estimates ranging from a possible 2–7% to 30% for eating disorder symptoms — often underdiagnosed due to the “teenage girl” stereotype.
Hormonal changes during perimenopause and menopause (decreased estrogen) affect mood serotonin, increase body fat in the abdominal area, slow metabolism, and lead to muscle loss — factors that can trigger eating disorders.
Feelings of loss of control due to life changes (children leaving home, couples in crisis, changing careers, aging parents) often lead to the use of eating behaviors as a way to restore a sense of stability.
Cultural pressures to maintain a slim, youthful body versus a naturally changing body create a “double dilemma” — 73% of middle-aged women feel dissatisfied with their weight, exacerbated by social media trends and weight loss drugs.
Women with a previous history of eating disorders, anxiety, or depression are at high risk of experiencing a return of symptoms during menopause, as feelings of body dissatisfaction and emotional turmoil are often re-experienced.
Early recognition of warning signs (excessive focus on weight, extreme caloric restriction, excessive use of laxatives or exercise, avoidance of social situations with food) and intervention within six months have the greatest chances of complete recovery; evidence-based treatments and support from specialists (therapists, dietitians, doctors) are effective in returning to a healthy relationship with food.
Article source: National Geographic
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